Iran (IMNA) - According to Dr. Maedeh Habibi, the clinical presentation of influenza-like illness includes fever, headache, myalgia (body aches), rhinorrhea, and cough. While these symptoms may resemble those of a common cold, the illness is generally characterized by greater symptom severity and a more prolonged clinical course.
Dr. Habibi explained that no specific antiviral treatment is routinely indicated for uncomplicated cases, and management is primarily supportive. In children with fever or discomfort, acetaminophen (paracetamol) is recommended for symptom relief. She advised against the routine use of ibuprofen, noting its potential to cause gastrointestinal adverse effects, and emphasized that acetaminophen remains the preferred antipyretic and analgesic for most pediatric patients with influenza-like illness.
She also noted that gastrointestinal symptoms frequently occur following influenza infection in children, making adequate hydration particularly important. Children who develop persistent gastrointestinal complaints should be evaluated by a pediatric healthcare professional, and caregivers should ensure sufficient fluid intake to reduce the risk of dehydration.
Regarding transmission, Dr. Habibi emphasized that the illness spreads primarily through respiratory droplets. Individuals with symptoms should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, as using the hands can facilitate viral transmission through contaminated surfaces and direct contact. If a tissue is unavailable, coughing or sneezing into the inside of the elbow is recommended as an effective alternative.
She further stressed that symptomatic individuals should avoid attending schools, daycare centers, and other public gatherings until they have recovered in order to reduce community transmission. Particular attention should be given to infants younger than 12 months, as influenza-like illness can progress to severe disease in this age group and may require hospitalization for close monitoring and supportive treatment.
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